The short answer
How Hail Causes Damage to Panels
Hailstones are chunks of ice that fall from thunderstorms. When they strike a solar panel, the impact force can fracture the tempered glass covering the photovoltaic cells. Even small cracks can allow moisture to seep inside the electrical components. This intrusion can lead to corrosion and electrical shorts, which may stop the panel from generating power entirely. The damage often worsens over time if not addressed.
Larger hailstones, often exceeding one inch in diameter, pose the greatest threat. Their mass and speed can shatter the protective glass entirely. This exposes the delicate silicon cells and internal wiring to the elements. Once exposed, the cells are vulnerable to water, dirt, and further physical damage. The panel's aluminum frame might also become dented, which could compromise its structural integrity and seal.
Inspecting Your System After a Storm
After a hailstorm, you can visually inspect your solar array from the ground. Use binoculars if possible. Look for obvious signs like shattered glass, dark spots, or a spiderweb pattern of cracks on the panel surfaces. Also check for dents on the mounting rails or frames. Do not climb onto the roof yourself, as wet surfaces are slippery and the structure may be compromised from storm damage.
Document everything you see with clear photographs. Take wide shots of the entire array and close-ups of any specific damage. This visual record is useful for any discussions with your installer or your insurance provider. Note the date and time of the storm. Keep a written log of your observations to provide a clear timeline of events. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered.
What to Do If You Find Damage
If you suspect hail damage, the first step is to contact a qualified solar installer or electrician. They can perform a professional assessment to determine the full extent of the problem. They have the equipment to test electrical output and identify micro-cracks not visible to the naked eye. Do not attempt to operate or touch damaged panels, as there is a risk of electrical shock.
- Turn off the solar system at the inverter or main disconnect switch for safety.
- Avoid walking on the roof to prevent personal injury and further damage.
- Secure loose wiring or dangling components only if you can do so safely from the ground.
- Cover exposed electrical parts temporarily with a waterproof tarp, but do not cover undamaged, functioning panels.
- Keep records of all communications with your installer and insurance company.
- Be prepared for the repair process to involve panel replacement, not just fixes.
Preventive Steps and Panel Standards
Solar panels are manufactured to meet certain impact resistance standards, such as UL 61730 or IEC 61215. These standards include testing for hail impact. Panels are typically tested to withstand hailstones of one inch in diameter striking at terminal velocity. Some manufacturers produce panels designed for regions with more severe weather. Choosing a product that meets a recognized standard is a key preventive step.
Regular maintenance also helps. Keeping panels clean ensures you can spot new damage easily. Ensuring mounting hardware is secure can prevent panels from becoming dislodged in high winds that often accompany hail storms. Trimming overhanging tree branches can reduce the risk of falling debris compounding hail damage. An annual inspection by a professional can identify minor issues before they become major failures.
When Water Damage Becomes a Concern
Cracked solar panels create a direct path for water to enter your roof's underlying structure. This water intrusion can lead to wood rot, damaged insulation, and mold growth inside your attic. The moisture can also cause electrical hazards within your home's wiring if it reaches junction boxes or conduits. This secondary water damage often requires a different type of professional remediation.
If water from damaged panels has leaked into your ceilings, walls, or attic, you may need water damage restoration. Local water damage pros can dry out the affected materials, address mold concerns, and help restore the interior of your home. This work is separate from the solar panel repair but may need to happen concurrently to protect your property's structure and air quality.
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Call Now (253) 785-9361Frequently asked questions
Does homeowners insurance cover hail damage to solar panels?
Many standard homeowners policies do cover solar panels, as they are considered a permanent part of the home. However, you must file a claim and an adjuster will assess it. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered. Always check your specific policy details and endorsements.
Can I still use my solar panels if they are cracked?
It is not recommended to use cracked panels. Cracks compromise the electrical insulation and allow moisture inside, creating a serious shock hazard and risk of fire. You should shut the system down at the main disconnect and have a qualified solar electrician inspect it before considering any further use.
How long do solar panel repairs take after a hailstorm?
The timeline depends on the damage extent, parts availability, and contractor schedules. A simple assessment might take a few days, while ordering and installing replacement panels can take several weeks, especially after widespread storms. Coordinating with insurance can also add time to the overall process.