How Do I Prevent Pipes From Freezing in Winter?
Last updated October 31, 2026
The short answer
Insulate Exposed Water Pipes
Pipe insulation sleeves are a simple and effective defense. You should cover any pipes in unheated areas like attics, basements, and crawl spaces. Foam or rubber insulation fits snugly around the pipes to slow heat loss. For pipes near exterior walls or in cabinets, applying insulation can make a significant difference in preventing a freeze.
Pay special attention to pipes running along exterior walls. Even inside a heated room, these sections can get much colder. Using thicker insulation or even heat tape in these vulnerable spots adds extra protection. Remember that hot water pipes can freeze too, so be sure to insulate all water supply lines in these spaces.
Maintain Heat and Air Flow
Keep your home's thermostat set no lower than 55 degrees, even when you are away. This consistent warmth helps protect pipes inside walls and floors. Opening kitchen and bathroom cabinet doors under sinks allows warmer room air to circulate around the plumbing. This simple step can prevent cold spots from forming in enclosed spaces.
Never turn off the heat completely in a vacant home during winter. If you plan to be away, ask a neighbor or friend to check the temperature regularly. For extended absences, consider draining your water system to eliminate the risk entirely. A small investment in heating is far less costly than repairing water damage from a burst pipe.
Let Faucets Drip and Seal Drafts
On very cold nights, allow a slow drip from faucets connected to pipes on exterior walls. A small, steady flow of water relieves pressure inside the pipes, making it harder for ice to form. You do not need a strong stream; a trickle is sufficient. This is particularly important for a single faucet that is farthest from where water enters your home.
Cold air entering your home accelerates freezing. Seal cracks and openings where pipes enter from outside, using caulk or spray foam insulation. Check around dryer vents, electrical wiring, and foundation cracks. Properly sealing these drafts keeps cold air out and warm air in, creating a more protective environment for your plumbing system throughout the winter months.
- Let cold water drip from faucets on exterior walls during severe cold.
- Seal gaps around pipes entering the home with caulk or foam.
- Check weather stripping on doors and windows near plumbing.
- Close foundation vents around crawl spaces in winter.
- Keep garage doors closed if water supply lines run through there.
- Use foam gaskets to insulate behind electrical outlets on exterior walls.
Prepare Before a Cold Snap
Disconnect, drain, and store outdoor hoses before temperatures drop. An attached hose can trap water and cause ice to back up into the indoor pipe. Close the interior shutoff valve for outdoor faucets, then open the outdoor spigot to drain any remaining water. Installing hose bibs designed to resist frost is a more permanent solution for exterior faucets.
Know the location of your main water shutoff valve. If a pipe does burst, you can quickly stop the flow to minimize damage. Label the valve clearly and make sure everyone in the household knows how to operate it. In an emergency, shutting off the water is your first and most important action.
What to Do If a Pipe Freezes
If a faucet only produces a trickle or no water, a pipe may be frozen. Immediately turn on the faucet to allow water to flow as it thaws. You can gently apply heat to the frozen section using a hairdryer or heating pad, working from the faucet toward the blockage. Never use an open flame, as this is a fire hazard and can damage the pipe.
If you cannot locate the freeze or if a pipe has burst, shut off the main water supply immediately. Then contact local water damage pros for assistance. They have equipment to address any resulting water damage. Acting quickly can prevent extensive damage to your home's structure and belongings.
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Call Now (253) 785-9361Frequently asked questions
At what temperature do pipes freeze?
Pipes are at risk of freezing when outside temperatures stay at 20 degrees Fahrenheit or below for several hours. However, uninsulated pipes in unheated interior spaces can freeze when indoor temperatures drop near freezing, even if it is not as cold outside.
Should I drip hot or cold water?
Let the cold water drip slightly. The goal is to keep water moving through the most vulnerable pipes. Running a small amount of cold water is effective and avoids unnecessary strain on your water heater during a period of high demand.
What if my pipes burst despite precautions?
Shut off the main water valve immediately to stop the flow. Then call local water damage pros for emergency water extraction and structural drying. They can help mitigate the damage and begin the restoration process for your home.